{"id":30337,"date":"2021-08-21T08:37:42","date_gmt":"2021-08-21T12:37:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/?page_id=30337"},"modified":"2023-12-07T10:07:26","modified_gmt":"2023-12-07T15:07:26","slug":"lesson-plan-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/lesson-plan-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Lesson Plan 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Believe It\u2014Or Not!\u00a0 When Photos Lie\u00a0 <\/strong>&#8211; part of a series on the <em>lateral reading<\/em> strategy<\/p>\n<p>The photos and instructions for this lesson are mounted in their OneNote notebook and on <em>Schoology<\/em> as <em>Instagram <\/em>and <em>Twitter <\/em>are blocked for students.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Standards: \u00a0RI 6.3 <\/strong>Analyze in detail how a key individual, event, or idea is introduced, illustrated, and elaborated in a text (e.g., through examples or anecdotes).<strong>, ISTE 3(b): <\/strong>Students evaluate the\u00a0accuracy,\u00a0perspective,\u00a0credibility\u00a0and\u00a0relevance\u00a0of information, media, data or other resources.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Learning Target:<\/strong>\u00a0 <strong>Students can use Google reverse image search to fact check internet photos for manipulation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Vocabulary:\u00a0 \u201cphotoshopped,\u201d digitally alter, manipulate<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>ENTRY TASK\/HOOK:<\/strong>\u00a0 Display the picture of the tweet below and ask students:<\/p>\n<p>What\u2019s going on in this picture?\u00a0 Do you believe it?\u00a0 Why or why not?<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/lesson-plan-2-image-1.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-30339\" src=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/lesson-plan-2-image-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"712\" height=\"874\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/lesson-plan-2-image-1.png 712w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/lesson-plan-2-image-1-244x300.png 244w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 712px) 100vw, 712px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Share out student answers.\u00a0 Discuss vocabulary:\u00a0 \u201cphotoshop\u201d(brand name), digitally alter, manipulate<\/p>\n<p>Ask:\u00a0 What questions do you have about this photo?\u00a0 Is any of this information provided?<\/p>\n<p><em>Who took it? Where was it taken? When was it taken? Why was it taken? Was it altered?\u00a0 If so, why? Who benefits from this?\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ask:\u00a0 <em>What can you do to check whether it\u2019s real or not? <\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>DIRECT INSTRUCTION:\u00a0 \u00a0How can we determine whether a photo is real or whether it has been altered?\u00a0 \u00a0Demonstrate the steps to a Google Reverse Image Search using the photo above (and make a flipped video of this).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Read results \u2013 for this photo, it takes some sifting through results.\u00a0 Demo this.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Show students the resources for remembering how to do the search:\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Watch video on using Google image search (PBS Common Sense Education)\u00a0 <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/kcts9.pbslearningmedia.org\/resource\/nmlit17-ela-howtoreverse\/is-it-real-using-reverse-image-search-common-sense-education\/\"><strong>https:\/\/kcts9.pbslearningmedia.org\/resource\/nmlit17-ela-howtoreverse\/is-it-real-using-reverse-image-search-common-sense-education\/<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Post instructions (anchor chart) for doing a Google reverse image search. <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/lesson-plan-2-image-2.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-30340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/lesson-plan-2-image-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"394\" height=\"507\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/lesson-plan-2-image-2.png 394w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/lesson-plan-2-image-2-233x300.png 233w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 394px) 100vw, 394px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/static.pbslearningmedia.org\/media\/media_files\/33c5f7f1-59b8-4c93-a5a3-8219764ee9fc\/86963079-6aea-4665-b493-ad772cd38a26.pdf\"><strong>https:\/\/static.pbslearningmedia.org\/media\/media_files\/33c5f7f1-59b8-4c93-a5a3-8219764ee9fc\/86963079-6aea-4665-b493-ad772cd38a26.pdf<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>PRACTICE: \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In pairs, students use the process on this photo:<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/lesson-plan-2-image-3.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-30341\" src=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/lesson-plan-2-image-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"637\" height=\"758\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/lesson-plan-2-image-3.png 637w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/lesson-plan-2-image-3-252x300.png 252w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 637px) 100vw, 637px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Then do a jigsaw practice with other photos (on Schoology).\u00a0 In pairs, students will be assigned a photo and will:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>predict whether it is fake or real and support their answer with reasons,<\/li>\n<li>do a Google reverse image search and read the results,<\/li>\n<li>give a final answer of whether it is altered or real and give justification for their answers.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Because Instagram and Twitter are blocked, paste these pictures into Schoology page instead of providing links.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-right.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-30342\" src=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-right.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"314\" height=\"315\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-right.jpg 314w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-right-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-right-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 314px) 100vw, 314px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-left.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-30343\" src=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-left.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"352\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-left.png 352w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-left-275x300.png 275w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-below-left.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-30344\" src=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-below-left.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"284\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-below-left.jpg 284w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-below-left-261x300.jpg 261w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 284px) 100vw, 284px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shawk-below-right.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-30345\" src=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shawk-below-right.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"313\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shawk-below-right.png 361w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shawk-below-right-240x300.png 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The reveal on the above:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=I_hRd_R1oP8\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=I_hRd_R1oP8<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-lower-left.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-30347\" src=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-lower-left.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"269\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-lower-left.png 390w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-lower-left-300x207.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-lower-right.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-30346\" src=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-lower-right.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"236\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-lower-right.png 616w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/shark-lower-right-272x300.png 272w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 236px) 100vw, 236px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Have students ALSO do THIS ONE (which is real\u2014but taken from 17<sup>th<\/sup> floor balcony so perspective makes people look small)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/final-phoot.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-30348\" src=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/final-phoot.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"825\" height=\"666\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/final-phoot.png 825w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/final-phoot-300x242.png 300w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/final-phoot-768x620.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 825px) 100vw, 825px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>WRAP-UP:\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Have students present their group\u2019s findings or do a gallery walk of findings (post-its on posters) and complete an exit ticket with their findings.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Extension: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Watch the <em>Jr. Scholastic<\/em> video on fake news (password protected)<\/p>\n<p>Read the <em>Jr. Scholastic <\/em>article (available in PDF \u2013 unformatted text attached below) and answer the questions:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>According to the article, why do people believe that altered photos are real? Cite evidence from the text in your answer.<\/li>\n<li>According to the article, what are some effects of the spread of fake photos? Cite evidence from the text in your answer.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Other Lesson resources:\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/junior.scholastic.com\/pages\/content-hubs\/digital-literacy\/lesson-plan-when-photos-lie.html\">https:\/\/junior.scholastic.com\/pages\/content-hubs\/digital-literacy\/lesson-plan-when-photos-lie.html<\/a> (password protected)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1080L<\/p>\n<p>When\u00a0Photos\u00a0Lie<\/p>\n<p>Fake\u00a0images\u00a0are\u00a0tricking\u00a0countless\u00a0people\u00a0on\u00a0social\u00a0media.\u00a0Here\u2019s\u00a0why\u00a0that\u00a0matters\u2014and\u00a0how\u00a0you\u00a0can\u00a0avoid\u00a0getting\u00a0fooled.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/junior.scholastic.com\/issues\/2018-19\/090318.html\">SEPTEMBER 3, 2018<\/a><\/p>\n<p>By\u00a0Laura\u00a0Anastasia\u00a0and\u00a0Mary\u00a0Kate\u00a0Frank<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0incredible\u00a0image\u00a0appeared\u00a0on\u00a0Twitter\u00a0just\u00a0hours\u00a0after\u00a0Hurricane\u00a0Harvey\u00a0struck\u00a0Texas\u00a0in\u00a0August\u00a02017.\u00a0In\u00a0the\u00a0photo\u00a0<em>(see\u00a0below)<\/em>,\u00a0a\u00a0great\u00a0white\u00a0shark\u00a0swims\u00a0alongside\u00a0drivers\u00a0on\u00a0a\u00a0flooded\u00a0Houston\u00a0highway.\u00a0It\u2019s\u00a0no\u00a0surprise\u00a0that\u00a0hundreds\u00a0of\u00a0thousands\u00a0of\u00a0people\u00a0clicked\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0post,\u00a0and\u00a0many\u00a0shared\u00a0it.\u00a0The\u00a0pic\u00a0was\u00a0even\u00a0broadcast\u00a0on\u00a0national\u00a0news.<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0problem?\u00a0The\u00a0image\u00a0was\u00a0fake.\u00a0A\u00a0hoaxster\u00a0had\u00a0used\u00a0photo-editing\u00a0software\u00a0to\u00a0insert\u00a0the\u00a0fearsome\u00a0predator\u00a0into\u00a0a\u00a0picture\u00a0of\u00a0a\u00a0flooded\u00a0road.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/sholastic-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-30349\" src=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/sholastic-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"670\" height=\"463\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/sholastic-1.jpg 670w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/sholastic-1-300x207.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 670px) 100vw, 670px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Thomas P. Peschak\/National Geographic Creative (real shark image)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0shark\u00a0shot\u00a0is\u00a0one\u00a0example\u00a0of\u00a0a\u00a0fast-growing\u00a0problem\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0digital\u00a0age:\u00a0phony\u00a0photos.\u00a0As\u00a0tech\u00a0tools\u00a0once\u00a0available\u00a0only\u00a0to\u00a0pros\u00a0become\u00a0more\u00a0accessible\u00a0and\u00a0sophisticated,\u00a0just\u00a0about\u00a0anyone\u00a0can\u00a0alter\u00a0photographs.<\/p>\n<p>Some\u00a0doctored\u00a0images\u00a0are\u00a0meant\u00a0to\u00a0be\u00a0a\u00a0joke\u00a0(think:\u00a0a\u00a0pic\u00a0of\u00a0your\u00a0birthday\u00a0party\u00a0with\u00a0Beyonc\u00e9\u00a0added\u00a0in).\u00a0But\u00a0others\u00a0are\u00a0created\u00a0to\u00a0spread\u00a0lies\u00a0and\u00a0stir\u00a0up\u00a0controversy.\u00a0Russian\u00a0operatives,\u00a0for\u00a0instance,\u00a0filled\u00a0social\u00a0media\u00a0networks\u00a0with\u00a0phony\u00a0images\u00a0as\u00a0part\u00a0of\u00a0an\u00a0effort\u00a0to\u00a0influence\u00a0the\u00a02016\u00a0U.S.\u00a0presidential\u00a0election.<\/p>\n<p>Like\u00a0other\u00a0forms\u00a0of\u00a0fake\u00a0news,\u00a0manipulated\u00a0photos\u00a0can\u00a0make\u00a0people\u00a0believe\u00a0things\u00a0that\u00a0aren\u2019t\u00a0true.\u00a0They\u00a0can\u00a0be\u00a0even\u00a0more\u00a0powerful\u00a0than\u00a0fake\u00a0articles,\u00a0experts\u00a0say,\u00a0because\u00a0people\u00a0are\u00a0more\u00a0likely\u00a0to\u00a0trust\u00a0a\u00a0photograph.\u00a0Plus,\u00a0images\u00a0arouse\u00a0strong\u00a0feelings\u00a0in\u00a0people\u00a0instantly,\u00a0says\u00a0John\u00a0Silva\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0nonprofit\u00a0News\u00a0Literacy\u00a0Project.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWith\u00a0the\u00a0right\u00a0image\u00a0and\u00a0the\u00a0right\u00a0headline,\u201d\u00a0he\u00a0says, \u201cyou\u00a0can\u00a0manipulate\u00a0people\u2019s\u00a0emotions\u00a0and\u00a0make\u00a0them\u00a0believe\u00a0all\u00a0sorts\u00a0of\u00a0things.\u201dRemaining Time\u00a0-2<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0Power\u00a0of\u00a0Images<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s\u00a0not\u00a0always\u00a0easy\u00a0to\u00a0spot\u00a0a\u00a0fake.\u00a0In\u00a0a\u00a0study\u00a0by\u00a0Warwick\u00a0University\u00a0in\u00a0England,\u00a0people\u00a0could\u00a0identify\u00a0manipulated\u00a0images\u00a0only\u00a0about\u00a060\u00a0percent\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0time.\u00a0Even\u00a0when\u00a0people\u00a0<em>did<\/em>\u00a0detect\u00a0a\u00a0phony\u00a0pic,\u00a0most\u00a0couldn\u2019t\u00a0pinpoint\u00a0what\u00a0had\u00a0been\u00a0altered.<\/p>\n<p>Many\u00a0sham\u00a0photos\u00a0seem\u00a0authentic\u00a0because\u00a0they\u00a0were\u00a0created\u00a0from\u00a0real\u00a0images\u00a0that\u00a0have\u00a0been\u00a0changed\u00a0only\u00a0slightly.\u00a0For\u00a0example,\u00a0this\u00a0past\u00a0March,\u00a0a\u00a0fake\u00a0picture\u00a0surfaced\u00a0on\u00a0Twitter\u00a0of\u00a0teen\u00a0gun-control\u00a0activist\u00a0Emma\u00a0Gonz\u00e1lez\u00a0appearing\u00a0to\u00a0tear\u00a0up\u00a0a\u00a0copy\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0U.S.\u00a0Constitution\u00a0<em>(see\u00a0photo,\u00a0below)<\/em>.\u00a0The\u00a0real\u00a0photo\u00a0shows\u00a0Gonz\u00e1lez,\u00a0a\u00a0survivor\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Parkland,\u00a0Florida,\u00a0school\u00a0shooting,\u00a0ripping\u00a0a\u00a0gun-range\u00a0target.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/sholastic-2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-30350\" src=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/sholastic-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"670\" height=\"412\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/sholastic-2.jpg 670w, https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/sholastic-2-300x184.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 670px) 100vw, 670px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Tyler Mitchell (real Emma image)<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0fake\u00a0was\u00a0posted\u00a0by\u00a0a\u00a0bot\u00a0(or\u00a0robot)\u00a0account\u00a0on\u00a0Twitter.\u00a0It\u00a0prompted\u00a0outrage,\u00a0especially\u00a0among\u00a0gun-\u00a0rights\u00a0activists.\u00a0That\u2019s\u00a0the\u00a0goal\u00a0of\u00a0many\u00a0fake\u00a0photos:\u00a0to\u00a0stir\u00a0up\u00a0strong\u00a0feelings\u00a0around\u00a0hot-button\u00a0issues.\u00a0In\u00a0this\u00a0case,\u00a0the\u00a0phony\u00a0image\u00a0reinforced\u00a0fears\u00a0some\u00a0Americans\u00a0have\u00a0about\u00a0losing\u00a0their\u00a0Second\u00a0Amendment\u00a0rights.\u00a0That\u00a0made\u00a0them\u00a0less\u00a0skeptical\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0altered\u00a0photo.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen\u00a0an\u00a0image\u00a0hits\u00a0a\u00a0belief\u00a0that\u00a0we\u00a0already\u00a0have,\u00a0we\u00a0will\u00a0readily\u00a0accept\u00a0it,\u201d\u00a0Silva\u00a0says. \u201cAnd\u00a0we\u00a0will\u00a0share\u00a0it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Weaponizing\u00a0Fake\u00a0Photos<\/p>\n<p>Could\u00a0a\u00a0bogus\u00a0photo\u00a0help\u00a0determine\u00a0who\u00a0you\u00a0vote\u00a0for?\u00a0Russian\u00a0operatives\u00a0were\u00a0hoping\u00a0so\u00a0during\u00a0the\u00a02016\u00a0U.S.\u00a0presidential\u00a0campaign,\u00a0experts\u00a0say.\u00a0The\u00a0Russians\u00a0used\u00a0false\u00a0images\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0attempt\u00a0to\u00a0sway\u00a0Americans\u00a0to\u00a0vote\u00a0for\u00a0Donald\u00a0Trump.<\/p>\n<p><strong>TIP:<\/strong>\u00a0Drag\u00a0and\u00a0drop\u00a0any\u00a0image\u00a0into\u00a0the\u00a0search\u00a0box\u00a0on\u00a0images.google.com\u00a0to\u00a0help\u00a0determine\u00a0whether\u00a0a\u00a0photo\u00a0is\u00a0fake.<\/p>\n<p>For\u00a0example,\u00a0as\u00a0Trump\u00a0promised\u00a0to\u00a0crack\u00a0down\u00a0on\u00a0illegal\u00a0immigration\u00a0and\u00a0voters\u2019\u00a0emotions\u00a0ran\u00a0high\u00a0around\u00a0that\u00a0issue,\u00a0a\u00a0Russia-backed\u00a0Facebook\u00a0account\u00a0posted\u00a0a\u00a0photo\u00a0that\u00a0appeared\u00a0to\u00a0show\u00a0a\u00a0woman\u00a0and\u00a0child\u00a0at\u00a0a\u00a0pro-immigration\u00a0rally\u00a0with\u00a0a\u00a0sign\u00a0reading, \u201cGive\u00a0me\u00a0more\u00a0free\u00a0[stuff].\u201d\u00a0The\u00a0hackers\u00a0had\u00a0digitally\u00a0altered\u00a0an\u00a0image\u00a0from\u00a0more\u00a0than\u00a0a\u00a0decade\u00a0ago.\u00a0In\u00a0reality,\u00a0the\u00a0woman\u2019s\u00a0sign\u00a0read, \u201cNo\u00a0human\u00a0being\u00a0is\u00a0illegal.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0fake\u00a0image\u2014crafted\u00a0to\u00a0reinforce\u00a0negative\u00a0stereotypes\u00a0that\u00a0some\u00a0people\u00a0have\u00a0about\u00a0undocumented\u00a0immigrants\u2014was\u00a0shared\u00a0hundreds\u00a0of\u00a0times.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cStart\u00a0Asking\u00a0Questions\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Fake\u00a0photos\u00a0worry\u00a0experts\u00a0for\u00a0many\u00a0reasons.\u00a0For\u00a0one\u00a0thing,\u00a0research\u00a0shows\u00a0that\u00a0people\u00a0are\u00a0more\u00a0likely\u00a0to\u00a0share\u00a0images\u00a0than\u00a0plain\u00a0text\u00a0on\u00a0social\u00a0media,\u00a0so\u00a0phony\u00a0pics\u00a0spread\u00a0quickly.\u00a0Plus,\u00a0exposure\u00a0to\u00a0all\u00a0those\u00a0frauds\u00a0can\u00a0make\u00a0us\u00a0doubt\u00a0real\u00a0news\u00a0photos.<\/p>\n<p>In\u00a0addition,\u00a0tech\u00a0companies\u2014still\u00a0struggling\u00a0with\u00a0how\u00a0to\u00a0combat\u00a0fake\u00a0news\u00a0articles\u2014are\u00a0even\u00a0less\u00a0equipped\u00a0to\u00a0deal\u00a0with\u00a0the\u00a0rise\u00a0of\u00a0fake\u00a0images.\u00a0Facebook,\u00a0one\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0top\u00a0sites\u00a0where\u00a0fake\u00a0photos\u00a0are\u00a0posted,\u00a0has\u00a0expanded\u00a0its\u00a0fact-checking\u00a0program\u00a0to\u00a0include\u00a0photos\u00a0and\u00a0videos.\u00a0But\u00a0those\u00a0efforts\u00a0still\u00a0depend\u00a0largely\u00a0on\u00a0people\u00a0doing\u00a0the\u00a0verifying\u2014and\u00a0that\u00a0takes\u00a0time.<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0best\u00a0defense\u00a0against\u00a0fake\u00a0photos\u00a0may\u00a0be\u00a0taking\u00a0a\u00a0minute\u00a0to\u00a0consider\u00a0images\u00a0you\u00a0see\u00a0on\u00a0social\u00a0media\u00a0before\u00a0re-posting\u00a0them,\u00a0especially\u00a0ones\u00a0that\u00a0seem\u00a0shocking\u00a0or\u00a0are\u00a0getting\u00a0a\u00a0lot\u00a0of\u00a0attention.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf\u00a0you\u2019re\u00a0having\u00a0a\u00a0very\u00a0strong\u00a0reaction,\u00a0that\u2019s\u00a0a\u00a0warning\u00a0sign,\u201d\u00a0says\u00a0Silva. \u201cYou\u00a0need\u00a0to\u00a0sit\u00a0back\u00a0from\u00a0your\u00a0screen\u00a0and\u00a0start\u00a0asking\u00a0questions.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Lexile 920<\/p>\n<p><strong>When\u00a0Photos\u00a0Lie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Fake\u00a0images\u00a0are\u00a0tricking\u00a0countless\u00a0people\u00a0on\u00a0social\u00a0media.\u00a0Here\u2019s\u00a0why\u00a0that\u00a0matters\u2014and\u00a0how\u00a0you\u00a0can\u00a0avoid\u00a0getting\u00a0fooled.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/junior.scholastic.com\/issues\/2018-19\/090318.html\">SEPTEMBER 3, 2018<\/a><\/p>\n<p>By\u00a0Laura\u00a0Anastasia\u00a0and\u00a0Mary\u00a0Kate\u00a0Frank<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0incredible\u00a0image\u00a0appeared\u00a0on\u00a0Twitter\u00a0just\u00a0hours\u00a0after\u00a0Hurricane\u00a0Harvey\u00a0struck\u00a0Texas\u00a0in\u00a0August\u00a02017.\u00a0In\u00a0the\u00a0photo\u00a0<em>(see\u00a0below)<\/em>,\u00a0a\u00a0great\u00a0white\u00a0shark\u00a0swims\u00a0alongside\u00a0drivers\u00a0on\u00a0a\u00a0flooded\u00a0Houston\u00a0highway.\u00a0It\u00a0is\u00a0no\u00a0surprise\u00a0that\u00a0hundreds\u00a0of\u00a0thousands\u00a0of\u00a0people\u00a0clicked\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0post.\u00a0Many\u00a0shared\u00a0it\u00a0too.\u00a0The\u00a0pic\u00a0was\u00a0even\u00a0broadcast\u00a0on\u00a0national\u00a0news.<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0problem?\u00a0The\u00a0image\u00a0was\u00a0fake.\u00a0A\u00a0hoaxster\u00a0had\u00a0used\u00a0photo-editing\u00a0software\u00a0to\u00a0insert\u00a0the\u00a0scary\u00a0predator\u00a0into\u00a0a\u00a0picture\u00a0of\u00a0a\u00a0flooded\u00a0road.<\/p>\n<p>Thomas P. Peschak\/National Geographic Creative (real shark image)<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0shark\u00a0shot\u00a0is\u00a0one\u00a0example\u00a0of\u00a0phony\u00a0photos,\u00a0which\u00a0are\u00a0a\u00a0fast-growing\u00a0problem\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0digital\u00a0age.\u00a0Tech\u00a0tools\u00a0that\u00a0were\u00a0once\u00a0available\u00a0only\u00a0to\u00a0pros\u00a0are\u00a0becoming\u00a0easier\u00a0to\u00a0get\u00a0and\u00a0more\u00a0sophisticated.\u00a0Now\u00a0just\u00a0about\u00a0anyone\u00a0can\u00a0alter\u00a0photographs.<\/p>\n<p>Some\u00a0doctored\u00a0images\u00a0are\u00a0meant\u00a0to\u00a0be\u00a0a\u00a0joke.\u00a0For\u00a0example,\u00a0imagine\u00a0a\u00a0pic\u00a0of\u00a0your\u00a0birthday\u00a0party\u00a0with\u00a0Beyonc\u00e9\u00a0added\u00a0in.\u00a0But\u00a0others\u00a0are\u00a0created\u00a0to\u00a0spread\u00a0lies\u00a0and\u00a0stir\u00a0up\u00a0controversy.\u00a0For\u00a0instance,\u00a0Russian\u00a0operatives\u00a0tried\u00a0to\u00a0influence\u00a0the\u00a02016\u00a0U.S.\u00a0presidential\u00a0election\u00a0by\u00a0posting\u00a0phony\u00a0images\u00a0on\u00a0social\u00a0media.<\/p>\n<p>Like\u00a0other\u00a0forms\u00a0of\u00a0fake\u00a0news,\u00a0altered\u00a0photos\u00a0can\u00a0make\u00a0people\u00a0believe\u00a0things\u00a0that\u00a0are\u00a0not\u00a0true.\u00a0They\u00a0can\u00a0be\u00a0even\u00a0more\u00a0powerful\u00a0than\u00a0fake\u00a0articles,\u00a0experts\u00a0say.\u00a0That\u00a0is\u00a0because\u00a0people\u00a0are\u00a0more\u00a0likely\u00a0to\u00a0trust\u00a0a\u00a0photograph.\u00a0Plus,\u00a0images\u00a0stir\u00a0up\u00a0strong\u00a0feelings\u00a0in\u00a0people\u00a0instantly,\u00a0says\u00a0John\u00a0Silva\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0nonprofit\u00a0News\u00a0Literacy\u00a0Project.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWith\u00a0the\u00a0right\u00a0image\u00a0and\u00a0the\u00a0right\u00a0headline,\u201d\u00a0he\u00a0says, \u201cyou\u00a0can\u00a0manipulate\u00a0people\u2019s\u00a0emotions\u00a0and\u00a0make\u00a0them\u00a0believe\u00a0all\u00a0sorts\u00a0of\u00a0things.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0Power\u00a0of\u00a0Images<\/p>\n<p>It\u00a0is\u00a0not\u00a0always\u00a0easy\u00a0to\u00a0spot\u00a0a\u00a0fake.\u00a0In\u00a0a\u00a0study\u00a0by\u00a0Warwick\u00a0University\u00a0in\u00a0England,\u00a0people\u00a0could\u00a0identify\u00a0altered\u00a0images\u00a0only\u00a0about\u00a060\u00a0percent\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0time.\u00a0Even\u00a0when\u00a0people\u00a0<em>did<\/em>\u00a0detect\u00a0a\u00a0phony\u00a0pic,\u00a0most\u00a0could\u00a0not\u00a0pinpoint\u00a0what\u00a0had\u00a0been\u00a0changed.<\/p>\n<p>Many\u00a0fake\u00a0photos\u00a0seem\u00a0real\u00a0because\u00a0they\u00a0were\u00a0created\u00a0from\u00a0real\u00a0images\u00a0that\u00a0have\u00a0been\u00a0changed\u00a0only\u00a0slightly.\u00a0For\u00a0example,\u00a0this\u00a0past\u00a0March,\u00a0a\u00a0fake\u00a0picture\u00a0surfaced\u00a0on\u00a0Twitter\u00a0of\u00a0teen\u00a0Emma\u00a0Gonz\u00e1lez.\u00a0Gonz\u00e1lez\u00a0is\u00a0a\u00a0gun-control\u00a0activist.\u00a0She\u00a0is\u00a0also\u00a0a\u00a0survivor\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0school\u00a0shooting\u00a0in\u00a0Parkland,\u00a0Florida.\u00a0In\u00a0the\u00a0picture,\u00a0she\u00a0seems\u00a0to\u00a0be\u00a0tearing\u00a0up\u00a0a\u00a0copy\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0U.S.\u00a0Constitution\u00a0<em>(see\u00a0photo,\u00a0below)<\/em>.\u00a0In\u00a0the\u00a0real\u00a0photo,\u00a0she\u00a0is\u00a0ripping\u00a0a\u00a0gun-range\u00a0target.<\/p>\n<p>Tyler Mitchell (real Emma image)<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0fake\u00a0was\u00a0posted\u00a0by\u00a0a\u00a0bot\u00a0(or\u00a0robot)\u00a0Twitter\u00a0account.\u00a0It\u00a0set\u00a0off\u00a0outrage,\u00a0especially\u00a0among\u00a0gun-rights\u00a0activists.\u00a0That\u00a0is\u00a0the\u00a0goal\u00a0of\u00a0many\u00a0fake\u00a0photos.\u00a0They\u00a0are\u00a0meant\u00a0to\u00a0stir\u00a0up\u00a0strong\u00a0feelings\u00a0around\u00a0hot-button\u00a0issues.\u00a0In\u00a0this\u00a0case,\u00a0the\u00a0phony\u00a0image\u00a0reinforced\u00a0fears\u00a0some\u00a0Americans\u00a0have\u00a0about\u00a0losing\u00a0their\u00a0Second\u00a0Amendment\u00a0rights.\u00a0That\u00a0made\u00a0them\u00a0less\u00a0skeptical\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0altered\u00a0photo.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen\u00a0an\u00a0image\u00a0hits\u00a0a\u00a0belief\u00a0that\u00a0we\u00a0already\u00a0have,\u00a0we\u00a0will\u00a0readily\u00a0accept\u00a0it,\u201d\u00a0Silva\u00a0says. \u201cAnd\u00a0we\u00a0will\u00a0share\u00a0it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Weaponizing\u00a0Fake\u00a0Photos<\/p>\n<p>Could\u00a0a\u00a0bogus\u00a0photo\u00a0help\u00a0determine\u00a0who\u00a0you\u00a0vote\u00a0for?\u00a0Russian\u00a0operatives\u00a0were\u00a0hoping\u00a0so\u00a0during\u00a0the\u00a02016\u00a0U.S.\u00a0presidential\u00a0campaign,\u00a0experts\u00a0say.\u00a0The\u00a0Russians\u00a0used\u00a0false\u00a0images\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0attempt\u00a0to\u00a0sway\u00a0Americans\u00a0to\u00a0vote\u00a0for\u00a0Donald\u00a0Trump.<\/p>\n<p><strong>TIP:<\/strong>\u00a0Drag\u00a0and\u00a0drop\u00a0any\u00a0image\u00a0into\u00a0the\u00a0search\u00a0box\u00a0on\u00a0images.google.com\u00a0to\u00a0help\u00a0determine\u00a0whether\u00a0a\u00a0photo\u00a0is\u00a0fake.<\/p>\n<p>For\u00a0example,\u00a0voters\u00a0had\u00a0strong\u00a0emotions\u00a0about\u00a0Trump\u2019s\u00a0promise\u00a0to\u00a0crack\u00a0down\u00a0on\u00a0illegal\u00a0immigration.\u00a0So\u00a0a\u00a0Russia-backed\u00a0Facebook\u00a0account\u00a0posted\u00a0a\u00a0photo\u00a0that\u00a0appeared\u00a0to\u00a0show\u00a0a\u00a0woman\u00a0and\u00a0child\u00a0at\u00a0a\u00a0pro-immigration\u00a0rally\u00a0with\u00a0a\u00a0sign\u00a0reading, \u201cGive\u00a0me\u00a0more\u00a0free\u00a0[stuff].\u201d\u00a0The\u00a0hackers\u00a0had\u00a0digitally\u00a0altered\u00a0an\u00a0image\u00a0from\u00a0more\u00a0than\u00a0a\u00a0decade\u00a0ago.\u00a0In\u00a0reality,\u00a0the\u00a0woman\u2019s\u00a0sign\u00a0read, \u201cNo\u00a0human\u00a0being\u00a0is\u00a0illegal.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0fake\u00a0image\u00a0was\u00a0crafted\u00a0to\u00a0reinforce\u00a0negative\u00a0stereotypes\u00a0that\u00a0some\u00a0people\u00a0have\u00a0about\u00a0undocumented\u00a0immigrants.\u00a0It\u00a0was\u00a0shared\u00a0hundreds\u00a0of\u00a0times.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cStart\u00a0Asking\u00a0Questions\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Fake\u00a0photos\u00a0worry\u00a0experts\u00a0for\u00a0many\u00a0reasons.\u00a0For\u00a0one\u00a0thing,\u00a0research\u00a0shows\u00a0that\u00a0people\u00a0are\u00a0more\u00a0likely\u00a0to\u00a0share\u00a0images\u00a0than\u00a0plain\u00a0text\u00a0on\u00a0social\u00a0media.\u00a0That\u00a0means\u00a0phony\u00a0pics\u00a0spread\u00a0quickly.\u00a0Plus,\u00a0exposure\u00a0to\u00a0all\u00a0those\u00a0frauds\u00a0can\u00a0make\u00a0us\u00a0doubt\u00a0real\u00a0news\u00a0photos.<\/p>\n<p>In\u00a0addition,\u00a0tech\u00a0companies\u00a0are\u00a0still\u00a0struggling\u00a0with\u00a0how\u00a0to\u00a0combat\u00a0fake\u00a0news\u00a0articles.\u00a0They\u00a0are\u00a0even\u00a0less\u00a0equipped\u00a0to\u00a0deal\u00a0with\u00a0the\u00a0rise\u00a0of\u00a0fake\u00a0images.\u00a0Facebook\u00a0is\u00a0one\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0top\u00a0sites\u00a0where\u00a0fake\u00a0photos\u00a0are\u00a0posted.\u00a0It\u00a0has\u00a0expanded\u00a0its\u00a0fact-checking\u00a0program\u00a0to\u00a0include\u00a0photos\u00a0and\u00a0videos.\u00a0But\u00a0those\u00a0efforts\u00a0still\u00a0depend\u00a0largely\u00a0on\u00a0people\u00a0doing\u00a0the\u00a0checking,\u00a0and\u00a0that\u00a0takes\u00a0time.<\/p>\n<p>So\u00a0what\u00a0is\u00a0the\u00a0best\u00a0defense\u00a0against\u00a0fake\u00a0photos?\u00a0Take\u00a0a\u00a0minute\u00a0to\u00a0consider\u00a0images\u00a0you\u00a0see\u00a0on\u00a0social\u00a0media\u00a0before\u00a0reposting\u00a0them.\u00a0Especially\u00a0consider\u00a0ones\u00a0that\u00a0seem\u00a0shocking\u00a0or\u00a0are\u00a0getting\u00a0a\u00a0lot\u00a0of\u00a0attention.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf\u00a0you\u2019re\u00a0having\u00a0a\u00a0very\u00a0strong\u00a0reaction,\u00a0that\u2019s\u00a0a\u00a0warning\u00a0sign,\u201d\u00a0says\u00a0Silva. \u201cYou\u00a0need\u00a0to\u00a0sit\u00a0back\u00a0from\u00a0your\u00a0screen\u00a0and\u00a0start\u00a0asking\u00a0questions.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Believe It&mdash;Or Not!&nbsp; When Photos Lie&nbsp; &ndash; part of a&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30337","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30337","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30337"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30337\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30351,"href":"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30337\/revisions\/30351"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30337"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30337"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.frankwbaker.com\/mlc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30337"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}